Manufacture of horseshoe-calks.



W. J. KENT.

MANUFACTURE OF HORSESHOE CAlzKS.

APPLICATION FILED FEB-13, I915.

Patented May 2, 1916.

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WILLIAM J. KENT, OF NEW YORK. N. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF HORSESHOE-CALKS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 1916.

Application filed February 13, 1915. Serial No. 7,967.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WVILLIAM J. KENT, a citizen of the United States of America, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Horseshoe- Calks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the manufacture of sheared horseshoe calks which are cut or sheared from a specially rolled bar by cold shearing.

The invention aims to improve the process by rendering it more simple and rapid and economizing part of the waste metal or scrap resulting from the processes heretofore practised.

In the ordinary manufacture of cut or sheared calks a bar of steel is first rolled out with a channel extending through the middle on both sides, the bar thus having two heads, each corresponding in cross-section to that of the calks to be made, and an intervening web of a thickness approximating that of the spur or nib on the calk and of a width somewhat exceeding twice the length of such spur. Such channeled bar is first slitted or split into two single bars, and these are then run through a shearing machine which first cuts away all of the web which is not required for the spurs, so as to leave suitably spaced spurs projecting from the head of the bar, and the latter is then cut or sheared across to separate the individual calks. According to the present invention a similar channeled bar is first rolled out, but with this difference, that the heads are brought closer together, so that the intervening web is of approximately only one-half the width heretofore given, being slightly wider than the length of one spur. This channeled bar is then subjected to the action of punches which punch out from the web blanks or scrap pieces, having alternately obliqueand abrupt ends leaving for each unit of toe calk length two spurs facing in opposite directions, so that the base of one remains attached to the right hand head and the base of the other to the left-hand head. The double bar with its punched out web is then sheared across at proper intervals to sever the calks of the desired length. Thus two calks result from each stroke of the shears. My improved method thus economizes metal to the extent of one-half the width of the web previously provided; it also eliminates one operation, namely, that of splitting or slitting longitudmally the rolled channeled bar; and further it produces two complete calks at each shearing operation instead of one.

The method may be better understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a cross-section of the bar. F 1g, 2 is a plan of the bar, showing the suc cesslve operations, the punches being shown 1n section. Fig. 3 shows the two calks sheared from the bar. Fig. 4 is a perspective View of the finished calk. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the press-bed with the bar thereon, and showing a punch above. Fig. 6is a perspective on a larger scale than Fig. 4, and showing the spur more in detail. Fig. 7 shows a fragment of Fig. 2, the separation of the heads of the bar being somewhat exaggerated to show that the last punching severs the tip of the spur.

The rolled bar A has opposite channels a a forming between them a web I) which unites the two opposite parallel heads 0 c, which have cross-sections like the cross-section of the calks to be made. The width of the web 7) is the same as (or approximates to) the length of the nibs or spurs. The rolled bar A is fed along in the groove or channel of a bed or under die B, as shown in Fig. 5, and receives the action of punches, one of which is shown at C in that figure, and which cut through the web 7). This web is supported by a tongue or raised portion B of the bed B.

The successive operations according to the preferred method of practising the invention are shown upon the bar in Fig. 2. This view shows in cross-section two punches C and D which, of course, pass down through corresponding openings in the bed B, these being shown by dotted lines E in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 2 the dotted lines a? w show the planes in which the shearing cuts will be made, whereby the calks are to be sheared off, these calks being shown in Fig. 3. The first operation is performed by the punch G, which cuts from the web 7) an opening of like shape, the openings previously punched be ing shown at (Z (Z. The next operation is per formed by the punch D which cuts out openings from the web 7) of the shape of this punch, one such opening previously punched I being shown at d. The punches are so shaped and spaced, and are of such relative lengths that they blank out from the web all those portions except those which are to constitute the spurs or nibs c c of the finished calks. These spurs are best made abrupt on one side at right angles to the length of the bar and tapered on the other side; and the punches so coact that at the tip of each spur the metal is just barely severed so that the spur which projects from one side of the bar is out free at its tip from the opposite side. This is v most clearly seen in the fragmentary .view,

Fig. 7, or in Fig. 3 where the calks are cut off. In Fig. 2 the outlines which are yet to be given to the spurs by the action of the punches are indicated in dotted lines. The punchingout operations thus described leave the spurs of equal thickness from base to. tip. It is desirable to squeeze the spurs in-order.- to taper them to their tips, andrender them suffi'ciently sharp to readily penetrate the hot iron of the shoe. For this purpose thespurs. are acted upon in positions 7 f, Fig. 2, by; squeezing dies which thus impart. the re quired taper to the spurs. This operation is of advantage in that it not only tapers thev spurs, but also compacts and hardensthe. metal and increases its toughness, so that the spur is better adapted to resist the pressure when. driving it into the shoe. This ,isa. merit possessed by no sheared calk previously made, as heretofore theionly taper possible has been that which could be im-. parted in the rolling of the channeledbar, the spurs being cut therefrom solely by the shearing process, and being subjected to no.

- squeezing or compacting action, which leaves thenib soft and liable to buckle in driving.

In some cases it is desirable to corrugate the sides of the spurs in order that they may the better hold in the hot-iron of the shoe. Such corrugations are bestmade ofV-shape to facilitate their being driven into the shoe. When such corrugations are desired, they are made at the same stroke by which the spurs are squeezed, that is to say, in thepositions f f. For this purpose the squeezing dies-or punches are formed. with grooves corre-- sponding to the corrugations to be made.- The corrugations made by these dies are in.- dicated at g g. The next operation is the shearing oil of the calks-,.which is donesimultaneously for the two. endcalks of the pair by a shear acting in theplane of the line :0 in Fig. 2. Each stroke of thezshear thus produces one pair ofcalks, as shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4t shows in perspective a complete calk which is the product ofthis method, and which in itself presents no novelty. The calk proper is shown at c, and thespur or nib at .e, the latter beingformed 1 with corrugations. g on its sides, as. described... In Fig. 6 the spur is more clearly shown.

The method herein described may be somewhat varied without departing from the invention. While it is preferable to arrange the respective calk outlines relatively as shown and to employ punches of the shape shown and spaced apart as shown, yet these details are not essential. Nor is it essential that the two calks shall be sheared off simultaneously, as one might be sheared in advance of the other. The particular cutting tools. described are not essential. Nor isit essential that the precise sequence of steps described be. followed.

I claim as my invention 1. The method of making horseshoe calks which consists in forming a. channeled bar, the web of'which is of awidth approximating but exceeding the length of the calk spurs to be formed, then cutting out successive blanks across such web to leave oppositely. disposed spurs attached at their. bases to the respective head portions of the bar, and separated at their tips from the-opposite head portions respectively, and finally shearing. the .bar transversely whereby to sever two calkstherefrom.

2. The method of making horseshoe calks which. consistsin taking a channeled bar, theweb iofflwhichisrof slightly greater width. than. thelength .of thecalk spurs to be formed, cutting. diagonally across the Web. intermediate. theedges of the head portions, cutting. out an. approximately rectangular piece 011a.linegintersecting. said diagonal out near one .end, thus leaving oppositely disposed spurs each attached to onehead portion only of the bar, and finally shearing the. bar transversely whereby to sever two I calkstherefrom.

3. Themethodof making horseshoe calks whichconsists in takingachanneled bar,

the web :of which is of slightly greater width thanthe calk spurs to beformed, cutting out successive blanks. from such web for its entire width, thealternate blanks having oblique. ends and the. intermediate blanks having: abrupt ,endsso related as. to. leave oppositely. disposedspurs attachedat their base totherespective head portions of the bar, and. separated at .their tips from the .opposite head portions respectively,.and finally shearing the bar, transversely whereby to sever. twojcalks. therefrom.

4. .The methodv ofmaking. horseshoe 'calks.

which .consistsiin taking a channeledbar having atits sides -thick head portions of theicross-section .ofthecalks to be formed, and an intermediate Web equidistant the 013- positefaces-of the head portions and of a portions of the bar, and finally shearing the bar transversely whereby to sever two calks therefrom.

5. The method of making horseshoe calks which consists in taking a channeled bar having at its sides thick head portions of the cross-section of the calks to be formed, and an intermediate web of a width approximating the length of the calk spurs to be formed, then cutting out successive blanks across such web, the blanks having alternately oblique and abrupt ends whereby to leave oppositely disposed spurs attached at their bases to the respective head portions of the bar, subsequently and while the head portions of the bar are still attached trans- Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the versely squeezing said ealk spurs whereby to reduce their thickness toward their points and thereby taper the spurs in both directions and harden their points, the points of the spurs being at this stage severed from the opposite head portions, and finally shearing the bar transversely whereby to sever two calks therefrom.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM J. KENT. Witnesses:

CHAS. LYON RossnLL, THOMAS F. WALLACE.

Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. 0. 

